Collects new academic research that extends and applies the theory of creative destruction developed by Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt, focusing on the role of innovation-driven competition in shaping economic growth and structural change. Through theoretical models and empirical studies, the volume examines firm dynamics, market structure, technological progress, and policy environments that influence innovation and productivity. The contributions highlight how creative destruction operates across industries and economies, and discuss implications for long-term growth, inequality, and economic policy